多读书多实践,勤思考善领悟

使用 Prism Unity 实现 .NET Core WPF MVVM 之七 对话框服务

本文于1324天之前发表,文中内容可能已经过时。

介绍如何在.NET Core3环境下使用MVVM框架Prism的对话框服务,这也是prism系列的最后一篇完结文章。

一.对话框服务

在Prism中,通过一个IDialogAware接口来实现对话框服务:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
public interface IDialogAware
{
bool CanCloseDialog();
void OnDialogClosed();
void OnDialogOpened(IDialogParameters parameters);
string Title { get; set; }
event Action<IDialogResult> RequestClose;
}
  • CanCloseDialog()函数是决定窗体是否关闭
  • OnDialogClosed()函数是窗体关闭时触发,触发条件取决于CanCloseDialog()函数
  • OnDialogOpened()函数时窗体打开时触发,比窗体Loaded事件早触发
  • Title为窗体的标题
  • RequestClose为关闭事件,可由此控制窗体的关闭

1.创建对话框的View和ViewModel

AlertDialog.xaml:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
<UserControl x:Class="PrismMetroSample.Shell.Views.Dialogs.AlertDialog"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:PrismMetroSample.Shell.Views.Dialogs"
mc:Ignorable="d"
xmlns:prism="http://prismlibrary.com/"
Width="350" Height="120" prism:ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel="True">
<Grid Margin="5">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid Margin="0,0,0,10">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="70"/>
<ColumnDefinition/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Image Source="pack://application:,,,/PrismMetroSample.Infrastructure;Component/Assets/Photos/alter.png" Height="40" UseLayoutRounding="True" RenderOptions.BitmapScalingMode="HighQuality"/>
<TextBlock Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding Message}" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center" Grid.Row="0" TextWrapping="Wrap" FontSize="15" FontFamily="Open Sans"/>
</Grid>
<Grid Grid.Row="1">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition/>
<ColumnDefinition/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Button Margin="5" Foreground="White" FontSize="12" Background="#5cb85c" Command="{Binding CloseDialogCommand}" CommandParameter="true" Content="Yes" Width="64" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Grid.Row="1"/>
<Button Grid.Column="1" Margin="5" Foreground="White" FontSize="12" Background="#d9534f" Command="{Binding CloseDialogCommand}" CommandParameter="false" Content="No" Width="64" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Grid.Row="1"/>
</Grid>

</Grid>
</UserControl>

AlertDialogViewModel.cs:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
public class AlertDialogViewModel : BindableBase, IDialogAware
{
private DelegateCommand<string> _closeDialogCommand;
public DelegateCommand<string> CloseDialogCommand =>
_closeDialogCommand ?? (_closeDialogCommand = new DelegateCommand<string>(ExecuteCloseDialogCommand));

void ExecuteCloseDialogCommand(string parameter)
{
ButtonResult result = ButtonResult.None;
if (parameter?.ToLower() == "true")
result = ButtonResult.Yes;
else if (parameter?.ToLower() == "false")
result = ButtonResult.No;
RaiseRequestClose(new DialogResult(result));
}

//触发窗体关闭事件
public virtual void RaiseRequestClose(IDialogResult dialogResult)
{
RequestClose?.Invoke(dialogResult);
}

private string _message;
public string Message
{
get { return _message; }
set { SetProperty(ref _message, value); }
}

private string _title = "Notification";
public string Title
{
get { return _title; }
set { SetProperty(ref _title, value); }
}

public event Action<IDialogResult> RequestClose;

public bool CanCloseDialog()
{
return true;
}

public void OnDialogClosed()
{

}

public void OnDialogOpened(IDialogParameters parameters)
{
Message = parameters.GetValue<string>("message");
}
}

2.注册对话框

App.cs:

1
2
3
4
protected override void RegisterTypes(IContainerRegistry containerRegistry)
{
containerRegistry.RegisterDialog<AlertDialog, AlertDialogViewModel>();
}

还可以注册时起名字:

1
containerRegistry.RegisterDialog<AlertDialog, AlertDialogViewModel>(“alertDialog”);

3.使用对话框服务

CreateAccountViewModel.cs(修改部分):

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
public CreateAccountViewModel(IRegionManager regionManager, IDialogService dialogService)
{
_regionManager = regionManager;
_dialogService = dialogService;
}

public void ConfirmNavigationRequest(NavigationContext navigationContext, Action<bool> continuationCallback)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(RegisteredLoginId) && this.IsUseRequest)
{
_dialogService.ShowDialog("AlertDialog", new DialogParameters($"message={"是否需要用当前注册的用户登录?"}"), r =>
{
if (r.Result == ButtonResult.Yes)
navigationContext.Parameters.Add("loginId", RegisteredLoginId);
});
}
continuationCallback(true);

}

效果如下:

img

我们是通过调用IDialogService接口的ShowDialog函数来调用,下面是该接口的定义:

1
2
3
4
5
6
public interface IDialogService : Object
{
Void Show(String name, IDialogParameters parameters, Action<IDialogResult> callback);
Void ShowDialog(String name, IDialogParameters parameters, Action<IDialogResult> callback);

}

我们可以发现show和ShowDialog函数都是一样形参,无非就是使用场景不一样

  • name:所要调用对话框view的名字,当注册别名时,只能使用别名来调用
  • parameters:IDialogParameters接口类型参数,传入的提示消息,通常是$”message={xxxx}”格式,然后再ViewModel的OnDialogOpened函数通过IDialogParameters接口的GetValue函数来获取
  • callback:用于传入无返回值回调函数

二.自定义对话框窗体

 我们在上述可以看到,对话框的窗体时一个WPF自带的窗体,但是当我们要用自己自定义窗体,例如,去掉window的Icon,保留最大化,最小化和关闭,或者使用一些第三方的窗体控件,prism支持通过注册一个对话框窗体,然后通过再不同对话框的View指定其对话框窗体的style,则可以很灵活的实现不一样的对话框,下面让我们来看看如何操作:

1.注册自定义对话框窗体

新建一个窗体,DialogWindow.xaml:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
<Window x:Class="PrismMetroSample.Shell.Views.Dialogs.DialogWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:PrismMetroSample.Shell.Views.Dialogs"
mc:Ignorable="d"
xmlns:prism="http://prismlibrary.com/"
>
<Grid>

</Grid>
</Window>

DialogWindow.xaml.cs:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
public partial class DialogWindow : Window, IDialogWindow
{
public DialogWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}

protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
{
WindowHelp.RemoveIcon(this);//使用win32函数去除Window的Icon部分
}

public IDialogResult Result { get; set; }
}

App.cs:

1
2
3
4
protected override void RegisterTypes(IContainerRegistry containerRegistry)
{
containerRegistry.RegisterDialogWindow<DialogWindow>();//注册自定义对话框窗体
}

2.自定义对话框窗体Style

AlertDialog.xaml:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
<prism:Dialog.WindowStyle>
<Style TargetType="Window">
<Setter Property="prism:Dialog.WindowStartupLocation" Value="CenterScreen" />
<Setter Property="ShowInTaskbar" Value="False"/>
<Setter Property="SizeToContent" Value="WidthAndHeight"/>
</Style>
</prism:Dialog.WindowStyle>

效果如下:

img

如何我们要将窗体样式全部去掉,改动AlertDialog.xaml:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
<prism:Dialog.WindowStyle>
<Style TargetType="Window">
<Setter Property="prism:Dialog.WindowStartupLocation" Value="CenterScreen" />
<Setter Property="ShowInTaskbar" Value="False"/>
<Setter Property="SizeToContent" Value="WidthAndHeight"/>
<Setter Property="WindowStyle" Value="None"/>
</Style>
</prism:Dialog.WindowStyle>

那么就变成了下面这样:

img

最终,我们的最后效果为这样:

img

三.小结

 通过Prism的对话框服务,我们可以很好的通过一个IDialogService接口来统一管理对话框的弹出逻辑,而且可以使用依赖注入的模式,如果换成之前要定义一些自定义的对话框,那么也要强依赖View部分,而且可以通过自定义不同对话框的窗体样式,达到一定的灵活性(例如最终效果演示,用了两个不同的对话框样式),至此, .NET Core3.x Prism系列文章已经全部写完

四.源码

 项目源代码:PrismDemo源码